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| insignia = Pioneer 10 - Pioneer 11 - mission patch - Pioneer patch.png | insignia_caption = | insignia_alt = | insignia_size = 150 | instruments_list = }} ''Pioneer 10'' (originally designated ''Pioneer F'') is an American space probe, weighing , that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter.〔 Thereafter, Pioneer 10 became the first spacecraft to achieve escape velocity from the Solar System. This space exploration project was conducted by the NASA Ames Research Center in California, and the space probe was manufactured by TRW Inc. ''Pioneer 10'' was assembled around a hexagonal bus with a diameter parabolic dish high-gain antenna, and the spacecraft was spin stabilized around the axis of the antenna. Its electric power was supplied by four radioisotope thermoelectric generators that provided a combined 155 watts at launch. ''Pioneer 10'' was launched on March 3, 1972, by an Atlas-Centaur expendable vehicle from Cape Canaveral, Florida. Between July 15, 1972, and February 15, 1973, it became the first spacecraft to traverse the asteroid belt. Photography of Jupiter began November 6, 1973, at a range of , and a total of about 500 images were transmitted. The closest approach to the planet was on December 4, 1973, at a range of . During the mission, the on-board instruments were used to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter, the solar wind, cosmic rays, and eventually the far reaches of the Solar System and heliosphere.〔 Radio communications were lost with ''Pioneer 10'' on January 23, 2003, because of the loss of electric power for its radio transmitter, with the probe at a distance of from Earth. ==Mission background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pioneer 10」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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